Editie BZI LIVE ce va avea in prim-plan tineri de succes ai Iasului! Fac parte din generatia care si-a propus sa reuseasca in Romania
Marti, 12 martie 2019, incepand cu ora 15.00, in lumina reflectoarelor Studioului BZI LIVE vor fi prezenti trei tineri care fac parte din generatia de succes a Romaniei. Acestia sunt studenti ai Facultatii de Economie si Administrarea Afacerilor (FEAA) din cadrul Universitatii Alexandru Ioan Cuza (UAIC) din Iasi. Dincolo de performantele educationale pe care le au, ei se implica pe zona antreprenoriala si a voluntariatului.
Este vorba de Elena Alexandra Juverdeanu (anul II FEAA), David Burcovschi (anul I FEAA) si Florin Postolache (anul II - FEAA). Mai mult, unul dintre ei si-a dezvoltat deja propria afacere de succes. Iata, mai jos, cum se descriu studentii de la Cuza:
"Sunt programator Full Stack Senior, in primul rand, iar in al doilea rand sunt antreprenor si detin o companie de IT care face aplicatii la comanda pentru diversi clienti. Am inceput sa programez de la varsta de 13 - 14 ani. Acum lucrez cu tehnologii precum PHP, MySQL, Laravel, Javascript, Java, Swift, Python, Bash scripting, si de ceva timp cercetez zona de blockchain, punand bazele un sistem de digitalizare a scolilor bazat pe aceasta tehnologie de stocare si consemnare a tranzactiilor", povesteste David Burcovschi.
De asemenea, Alexandra Juverdeanu arata ca: "Eu merg pe specializarea Informatica Economica. Sunt o persoana încrezatoare în fortele proprii, foarte focusata si hotarâta în tot ceea ce îmi doresc sa fac. Am lucrat în toata perioada studentiei de pâna acum, incepand cu iulie 2016 si pana in octombrie 2018 pentru a ma sustine la facultate. În anul acesta universitar am ales sa nu mai lucrez, avand suficiente fonduri strânse. tocmai pentru a ma focusa mult mai mult pe dobandirea cunostintelor pe care stim cu totii ca odata cu terminarea facultatii nu le vom mai dobandi niciodata.
De asemenea, dezvoltarea personala cat si latura antreprenoriala sunt foarte importante, fiind sigura ca aceasta este calea mea si apreciez foarte mult lucrurile care mi se intampla pentru ca stiu ca muncesc intotdeauna pentru ce imi doresc si nu renunt. Nu am reusit , pana anul acesta, sa ma implic in asa multe activitati extracurriculare din cauza timpului liber limitat dar cu siguranta stiu ce inseamna determinarea si ma bucur ca am avut ocazia prin intermediul Societatii Antreprenoriale Studentesti - UAIC sa imi reamintesc de experientele atat frumoase si bogate din punct de vedere intelectual dar si sufletesc, puternic formatoare in care am avut ocazia sa ma implic inca din clasele primare".
In final, dar nu in cele din urma, Florin Postolache este student la specializarea management si voluntar în AIESEC. "Alegerea de a studia acest domeniu a fost motivata de experienta de a lucra si coordona o echipa timp de doua veri consecutive pe litoral. Totodata, urmând un liceu cu profil economic si având rezultate la o olimpiada axata pe cunostinte din domeniul financiar - fiscal si la competitiile unde am participat cu firma de exercitiu, au contribuit la luarea acestei decizii. Fiind voluntar în AIESEC din anul I simt ca m-am dezvoltat mult din perspectiva relationarii cu cei din jur, vânzari, negocieri în afaceri, gratie activitatilor pe care le fac fiind membru într-un departament care aduce tineri internationali sa realizeze experiente de internship la firmele din Iasi". Asadar, urmariti o editie SPECIALA, IN DIRECT, aparte.
Toti cei care doresc sa adreseze intrebari invitatilor, o pot face la rubrica de comentarii sau in direct, accesand pagina de facebook.
Publicație : Bună Ziua Iași
In lumina reflectoarelor Studioului BZI LIVE a fost programata o noua editie UTILA, ACTUALA si de INTERES pentru toti studentii
Luni, 11 martie 2019, incepand cu ora 15.00, in lumina reflectoarelor Studioului BZI LIVE a fost programata o noua editie UTILA, ACTUALA si de INTERES pentru toti studentii, nu doar din Centrul Universitar Iasi dar si pentru cei din intreaga Romanie • Astfel, alaturi de conf. univ. dr. ing. Cristiana Istrate, Departamentul Inginerie si Management
de la Universitatea Tehnica - TUIASI Gheorghe Asachi din Iasi respectiv Pesedinte al Consiliului Executiv al Societatii Antreprenoriale Studentesti - SAS de la Politehnica ieseana au fost abordate teme ce tin de: proiecte, pe acest segment, destinate tinerilor, competitiile unde acestia pot participa, idei de afaceri pentru studenti • De asemenea, realitati din zona invatamantului superior, activitati in care este implicata conf. univ. dr. ing. Cristiana Istrate. Emisiunea completa cu universitarul Cristiana Istrate de la Universitatea Tehnica din Iasi poate fi urmarita AICI:
Pe 11 martie 2019, incepand cu ora 15.00, in lumina reflectoarelor Studioului BZI LIVE a fost programata o noua editie UTILA, ACTUALA si de INTERES pentru toti studentii, nu doar din Centrul Universitar Iasi dar si pentru cei din intreaga Romanie. Alaturi de conf. univ. dr. ing. Cristiana Istrate, Departamentul Inginerie si Management de la Universitatea Tehnica (TUIASI) Gheorghe Asachi din Iasi respectiv Pesedinte al Consiliului Executiv al Societatii Antreprenoriale Studentesti (SAS) de la Politehnica ieseana au fost abordate teme ce tin de: proiecte, pe acest segment, destinate tinerilor, competitiile unde acestia pot participa, idei de afaceri pentru studenti. De asemenea, realitati din zona invatamantului superior, activitati in care este implicata conf. univ. dr. ing. Cristiana Istrate.
Demarat acum un an si jumatate, proiectul SAS constituie un adevarat spatiu, dincolo de activitatea didactica, unde studentii pot sa vina cu ideile lor inovative. Spectaculos este ca, pana acum, tinerii au scos in prim-plan creatii de maximum impact atat pe segmentul medical, utilitar sau de inginerie si tehnologie.
Proiectul SAS de la Politehnica ieseana, in competitia pentru finala nationala "Company of the Year"
De reamintit ca trei echipe ale Universitatii Tehnice au propus proiecte pentru incubatorul educational de afaceri JA Bizz Factory. Si in acest an, patru echipe ale Universitatii iesene s-au înscris în competitia internationala Company of the Year 2019, trei dintre acestea calificându-se în incubatorul educational de afaceri JA BizzFactory. Echipele sunt: "Casa 4.0" - studentii Daniel Movila si Gabriel Radu, ambii de la Facultatea de Arhitectura G.M. Cantacuzino, Mihnea Amihailesei de la Facultatea de Fizica a Universitatii Alexandru Ioan Cuza (UAIC) Iasi si Gabriel Achite, tânar antreprenor, "NSIOS" - studentii Monica Isciuc si Dan Matcas, studenti ai Facultatii de Textile-Pielarie si Management Industrial, "Fantastic Dress" - studentii Ioana Candea, Alexandra Tomache, Alexandru Drutu, Madalina Tiba, de la Facultatea Textile Pielarie si Management Industrial. Primele doua echipe au fost coordonate de catre conf. univ. dr. ing. Cristiana Istrate, în timp ce "Fantastic Dress" a lucrat sub supervizarea sef lucrari dr. ec. Brîndusa Tudose.
Competitiile JA sunt cele mai mari competitii europene de antreprenoriat, adresate tinerilor care doresc sa dezvolte un concept de business - competitia JA Business Plan Challenge 2019 - si sa îl testeze ulterior pe piata prin lansarea si conducerea unei afaceri pilot sau a unui start-up - competitia JA Company of the Year 2019. Anul acesta finala nationala Company of the Year va avea loc pe 22 mai 2019, la Bucuresti, iar cea internationala Europe Enterprise Challenge in perioada 24 - 26 iunie 2019, Oslo, Norvegia. Anul trecut, echipa BIONIX formata din studentii Corina Cristina Croitoru de la Facultatea Textile Pielarie si Management Industrial si Bogdan Nacu de la Facultatea de Automatica si Calculatoare, coordonata de catre conf. univ. dr. ing. Cristiana Istrate, a câstigat locul al doilea în cadrul finalei nationale a competitiei internationale. Colaborarea dintre TUIASI si JA România se deruleaza în cadrul proiectului Universitatea Antreprenoriala.
Emisiunea completa cu universitarul Cristiana Istrate de la Universitatea Tehnica din Iasi poate fi urmarita AICI:
Publicație : Bună Ziua Iași
Concursul Innovation Labs de la Iasi a ajuns la final
La sfarsitul saptamanii trecute, in Iasi a avut loc o noua editie a proiectului Innovation Labs, program derulat cu sprijinul celor doua mari institutii de invatamant superior din Iasi, Universitatea Tehnica "Gheorghe Asachi" si Universitatea "Alexandru Ioan Cuza".
Hackathonul Innovations Labs, evenimentul de început al programului, este o aventura de peste 30 de ore despre idei si oameni noi, derulata in mai multe orase din tara, respectiv Bucuresti, Cluj- Napoca, Iasi, Sibiu si Timisoara. În cele cinci orase, programul este sustinut academic de catre zece universitati de top, Iasul fiind prezent prin Politehnica si UAIC.
Hackathoanele au debutat sâmbata, 9 martie, printr-o prezentare initiala de 60 de secunde a fiecarei echipe. Dupa o prima selectie, prin votul juriului si al publicului, cele mai promitatoare idei au fost admise în experienta propriu-zisa de dezvoltare a proiectului.
De la Iasi au plecat mai departe noua echipe de tineri ce au reusit sa-si expuna cat mai bine ideile inovatoare si care au convins juratii. De exemplu, Aqua Smart, una dintre ideile inovatoare ale tinerilor din Iasi, ofera un sistem auto-sustenabil de monitorizare si mentenanta, care furnizeaza informatii în timp real despre chimia si temperatura din acvariu afisate în cadrul unei platforme digitale.
"Pe parcursul urmatoarelor zece saptamâni, antreprenori si oameni de business de vârf vor împartasi experientele lor cu tinerii participanti, orientându-i în explorarea ecosistemului antreprenorial românesc. În plus, prin intermediul partenerilor programului, echipele au posibilitatea de a folosi tehnologii de ultima generatie pentru dezvoltarea produselor, oportunitati de pozitionare eficienta pe piata, precum si acces direct la clienti. În aprilie se vor desfasura evenimente de tip Boost Day în toate cele cinci orase din program, unde echipele vor prezenta evolutia si transformarea ideii lor de start-up, pâna la mijlocul programului de mentorat. La începutul lunii mai vor urma Demo Day-urile regionale, unde cele mai bune echipe care au dezvoltat un produs viabil, testat cu utilizatori reali, vor fi selectate pentru a participa la etapa nationala de pe 20 mai, ce se va desfasura la Teatrul National din Bucuresti", au aratat organizatorii programului Innovation Labs.
În cadrul evenimentului din 20 mai 2019, finalistii îsi vor prezenta prototipurile în fata partenerilor si a potentialilor investitori, urmând ca echipele cele mai convingatoare sa fie recunoscute prin premiile Innovation Labs 2019
Publicație : Bună Ziua Iași
Profesorii de la „Cuza“ se revoltă faţă de rectorul suspendat Tudorel Toader. Protest anunţat pe treptele universităţii
Mai mulţi profesori de la Universitatea "Al. I. Cuza" din Iaşi au semnat o petiţie online intitulată „Apel al comunităţii academice din Iaşi pentru apărarea statului de drept“. În acelaşi timp, cadrele didactice au programat un protest în faţa instituţiei de învăţământ.
Comunitatea academică din Iaşi a lansat o petiţie online în semn de protest faţă de modificările brutale aduse în ultima perioadă legilor justiţiei.
Scrisoarea iniţiată pe 8 martie şi semnată până acum de 175 de intelectuali din Iaşi, majoritatea profesori la Universitatea "Al. I. Cuza", vizează în principal Ordonanţa de Urgenţă 7/2019, document semnat de ministrul Justiţiei Tudorel Toader care este, în acelaşi timp, şi rector suspendat la "Cuza".
„Cea mai recentă probă a faptului că acest uriaş efort urmăreşte demantelarea ideii de justiţie ca proces instituţional legitim, predictibil şi independent în România, o constituie Ordonanţa de Urgenţă nr. 7/2019. Criticat atât de corpul magistraţilor din România cât şi de instituţiile europene, actul normativ aduce grave atingeri independenţei justiţiei şi separaţiei puterilor în stat, după cum induce şi o stare de confuzie generalizată cu privire la funcţiile justiţiei într-un stat democratic. Conştienţi de faptul că atacul asupra justiţiei reprezintă începutul alunecării României către un sistem oligarhic, iliberal, în care întreaga putere va aparţine unui grup restrâns de persoane, după modele deja consacrate în ţări din estul Europei, America Latină, Africa şi Asia, subsemnaţii fac un apel public către cetăţenii României de a se implica, prin mijloacele legale şi democratice garantate de Constituţie, în apărarea statului de drept, a democraţiei şi a valorilor europene“, arată, printre altele, semnatarii scrisorii.
Petiţia este asumată de un grup de iniţiativă format din Flavius Solomon, istoric; Eugen Vărvărucă, matematician; Alexandru Călinescu, istoric literar; Gelu Bourceanu, chimist; Florea Ioncioaia, istoric, jurnalist; Răzvan Socolov, medic; Cezar Catrinescu, chimist.
Pe de altă parte, semnatarii petiţiei au anunţat că intenţionează să protesteze pe treptele Universităţii "Al. I. Cuza" în cursul zilei de marţi, 12 martie.
Publicație : Adevărul
Women-only Cambridge college to admit men from 2021
Lucy Cavendish College to go co-educational and abolish its minimum entry age of 21
Lucy Cavendish College will also abolish its minimum entry age, which currently stands at 21, said Dame Madeleine Atkins, its president.
“We want to make more places available in Cambridge to excellent students from more underrepresented groups,” Dame Madeleine told Times Higher Education. “Supporting underrepresented groups has always been in the college’s ethos – previously we were constrained to just one group that are underrepresented. We’re simply adding more groups to what we’ve always done.”
Dame Madeleine, who joined Lucy Cavendish in October 2018 after serving as chief executive of the Higher Education Funding Council for England, said the move would “substantially” increase the number of students at the college. It is primarily a postgraduate institution at the moment, but Dame Madeleine said it would seek to boost both undergraduate and graduate numbers.
The move may prove controversial with alumnae and proponents of women’s education. The college was founded in 1965 by female Cambridge academics who were frustrated by the limited opportunities for women at the institution, and was named after Lucy Cavendish (1841-1925), a pioneer of women’s education.
Before implementing the changes, which were approved by the college’s governing body on 6 March, the college consulted 2,600 alumnae, students and others on the changes. Dame Madeleine said that overall the response was supportive of the changes “provided we kept our ethos of giving opportunity to underrepresented groups”.
“There were, of course, some who felt we should stay women only and we do understand their concerns,” she said. However, Dame Madeleine said the college had worked to explain the changing mission of the university as well as the changing make-up of the college, which has a much lower average student age than when it was first set up. “It’s a very different college in some ways from the one they remembered,” she said.
The change was about “realising that mature women, while still a much underrepresented group, are by no means the only underrepresented group”, Dame Madeleine said.
In December, it was revealed that the universities of Oxford and Cambridge admit more students from just eight elite schools than from three-quarters of all other schools and colleges put together.
Meanwhile, female school-leavers in the UK are now 36.7 per cent more likely to enter higher education than men, a gap that has widened by five percentage points in five years.
The move will leave two Cambridge colleges – Murray Edwards College and Newnham College – as the UK’s only women-only colleges. Girton College, Cambridge went co-educational in 1976, while all five of Oxford’s formerly women-only colleges now admit men.
“There is a certainly an argument we heard that said [that] women graduate and have professional lives in mixed settings and therefore, it’s very important that they are educated here in a co-educational spaces,” Dame Madeleine said. “But one needs to remember, of course, that all teaching at Cambridge is already in mixed groups…Our priority is to provide more places for excellent students from underrepresented groups – that’s in our DNA.”
Publicație : The Times
Strike action over ‘unrealistic’ REF targets looms at Liverpool
Russell Group university is on course for UK’s first industrial action linked to 2021 research excellence framework, says union
The University of Liverpool’s University and College Union opened a ballot on industrial action on 4 March over academic performance management linked to the 2021 research excellence framework.
The union claimed that Liverpool recently raised the bar for expected research performance to “unreasonable” levels that will in effect force some early career staff out of the university. It told Times Higher Education that several junior academics have been informed that they will not pass their probation unless they publish, every 18 months on average, a paper that is judged in internal assessments to be likely to be scored as “internationally excellent”, equivalent to a 3* rating in the REF.
That level is far in excess of what is demanded by the REF, which requires at least one output dating between 2014 and August 2020 to be submitted per research-active staff member, the union said.
The UCU branch has also cited concerns over possible moves to include student feedback in staff evaluation procedures and a new timetable policy, which it claims cuts research time, in its decision to ballot for strike action.
“The bar, in terms of research expectations, continues to feel extremely high,” a UCU branch spokesman told THE, adding that academics were angry about the “lack of fairness and transparency” over how research outputs would be evaluated.
He added that the union was confident that UCU members would back the action, with 63 per cent of voters in an indicative ballot held earlier this year supporting strikes.
The union, the spokesman continued, would “absolutely smash” the 50 per cent turnout threshold that recently prevented the UCU from striking over this year’s national pay offer, given that 58 per cent of branch members had voted in the indicative ballot.
“These are unreasonable expectations, and our members are fully prepared to take action to protect jobs,” he said, adding that negotiations with the university had broken down over its failure to modify its internal assessment policies.
A Liverpool spokeswoman said that it was “disappointing that UCU has decided to step away from the agreed disputes process, at a time when good progress continues to be made and a resolution is thought to be in sight, to ballot for industrial action”.
The university, which insists that its approach to performance management was agreed formally with the UCU in June 2013 and subsequently endorsed by its senate in 2016, added that it had “offered a significant number of proposals addressing UCU’s concerns” at a meeting in early February and had “agreed to have a further meeting to clarify only three of these points” as part of a dispute procedure agreed with the union.
Under the rules for the 2021 REF, universities will be able to submit research conducted by academics who they had subsequently made redundant.
Publicație : The Times
Virtual exchanges promise study-abroad experience for the masses
Technology now enabling rapid expansion of the worldwide sharing of classrooms
US universities that seek the benefits of study-abroad programmes without the forbidding costs are increasingly turning to “virtual” foreign exchanges involving individual students and entire classrooms.
Although the underlying idea is not new, improvements in technology and a growing recognition of the value of virtual exchanges have fuelled adoption across US campuses in just the past year or two.
“The seeds that have been planted are starting to come up,” said Mohamed Abdel-Kader, executive director of the federally sponsored Stevens Initiative, an early promoter of virtual exchanges.
The believers include Rachel Gallery, an associate professor at the University of Arizona who tried it out this past autumn on the second- and third-years in her natural resource ecology class.
For her initial test, Dr Gallery offered the 100-student class the option of an additional four meetings – albeit at 7.30am – to match the availability of a similar environment studies class in Egypt.
“I was a little bit sceptical” about whether any students would show up at that hour, or find it worthwhile, Dr Gallery said. About 15 did, and right from the start, they eagerly shared with their Egyptian classmates both coursework and personal stories.
“The very first meeting, I was just proven completely wrong,” she said.
Students on the other end of the video screen also benefited, both academically and socially, said their instructor, Arthur Bos, an associate professor of marine biology and ecology at the American University in Cairo.
“I would love to incorporate similar sessions to future classes,” Dr Bos said.
Faculty are now reaching similar conclusions around the US, said Mr Abdel-Kader, who served in the US Department of Education in the Obama administration. For several years, the Stevens Initiative often stood alone at educational conferences as it explained the idea. In recent months, however, it has found itself joined by early adopters such as Arizona, the University of Michigan, and Clemson and DePaul universities; and by organisations that help connect classes and students abroad, such as Soliya and NaTakallam.
“It is getting past the niche stage,” said one organiser, Nathan Rahu-Bieri, a senior programme administrator at Michigan’s William Davidson Institute. “There’s a lot of momentum around it.”
Yet with the idea still relatively new, advocates are still working out key details, such as what types of curriculum to use and who writes it, whether interactions should occur during credit-bearing offerings or on voluntary terms, whether international video collaborations work best between full classrooms or individual students, and how to coordinate connections across multiple time zones.
Dr Gallery created her own virtual classroom exchange back in 2014, when she and a colleague at Western Michigan University wanted to bring their classes together. When Arizona asked her to try an international version this past autumn, she had less hope, given the proposed hour of the day and the lack of academic reward for any students who agreed to take part.
But the 15 volunteers joined eagerly, having little ability to afford an actual foreign exchange, Dr Gallery said. “They viewed this as a virtual semester-abroad programme, and they were psyched about it,” she said. “They were really engaged from day one.”
Publicație : The Times
Spring Statement must renew commitment to blue skies research
Ministers love talking about grand government-directed projects, but Philip Hammond must reaffirm tomorrow the UK’s support for open-ended research using quality-related funding, says Stephanie Smith
Most pressing is the need to stimulate the economic growth and productivity gains required to raise the living standards of ordinary households. These have remained stubbornly low, growing by just 0.2 per cent a year in the past decade according to the latest research, with real consequences for people’s disposable income and working lives.
The answer to the UK’s productivity puzzle has been obvious to our competitors: research. China, the US, South Korea, Germany and Japan invest significant amounts in research and development to drive national prosperity.
All spend more than the UK as a proportion of GDP. In fact, the UK has gone from being leader of the pack in the 1980s, to today investing just 1.7 per cent of its income into R&D – well below the 2.4 per cent average across the OECD. The government has committed to catching up with this average within the next decade.
Our inability to keep pace has had consequences: economists calculate that around half of US growth is due to the creation and application of innovation in the economy. This means that it is not only the quantum of R&D investment that should be of concern, it’s whether this spending supports the kind of innovation which can secure long-term growth.
It may come as a surprise, but the main source of funding for blue skies research in the UK (so-called quality-related or “QR” funding) drives much of the innovation taking place in our universities.
This is because decisions on how these competitively won funds are deployed is up to the universities that win them. Universities have used this rare instance of funding autonomy to invest strategically in areas of high risk and reward, including in research deemed too speculative to yet attract government or business support.
This means that QR inhabits a unique space in the R&D landscape that is unlikely to be filled by any other source. Major breakthroughs in areas such as graphene and genome sequencing technology have come off the back of this uninspiringly named funding mechanism.
So too have well-known university spin-outs such as Natural Motion and Quethera – spin-outs being a typical example of an investment that business deems promising but high-risk. While Quethera sold for £85 million last year, more importantly for many will be the fact it is a new type of treatment for glaucoma, one with potential for tackling Alzheimer’s as well.
Trusting universities to invest the QR funding that they win as they see fit has allowed institutions to think creatively about their place in their local areas, too.
Newcastle University, for example, has used the money to kick-start a new partnership with business and the local city council, turning a disused plot marked by an abandoned brewery into an innovation hub consisting of residential, business incubator and state-of-the-art research space. Set to bring 4,000 new jobs to the city, the work is the result of 10 years of planning and investment – seven years longer than the lifespan of the average research council grant.
Far from being a gamble then, our approach to funding blue skies research is a safe bet for ministers looking for growth, allowing “top-down” government initiatives to be balanced by “bottom-up” university-led opportunities.
This balance however is shifting. While overall state support for research is increasing, albeit slowly, the real-terms value of QR is in decline, falling by 13 per cent since 2010.
Private rumblings in the research community convey a fear that this year’s Spending Review could take this further, with Government becoming even more interventionist in how research budgets are deployed, and with QR a likely first victim to this tendency towards control.
Such a decision would have the opposite impact to the one intended. Those in Whitehall aren’t always best placed to know where the next big breakthrough will come from; nor is government machinery good at responding at the speed that business requires when a commercialisation opportunity appears.
A renewed commitment between government and universities will be required to protect QR from future raids. Politicians will need to trust that universities pursue research for the benefit of the economy and society and universities will need to continue to show accountability for this support.
From the development of fibre lasers (used in everything from 3D printers to endoscopes), to the use of quantum physics in risk management and financial markets, researchers continually make discoveries that transform the way that we live our lives. Equally, the onus is on institutions to be clearer than ever on the social and economic benefits of their work.
We have seen the chancellor back R&D before, the last time being in the 2017 Autumn Statement. But figures from the Campaign for Science and Engineering show that Government will need to go further to meet its commitments to invest 2.4 per cent of GDP in R&D.
This week’s Spring Statement and the eventual Spending Review are a chance to support the UK’s knowledge economy and put innovation at the heart of the UK’s growth plan. Let’s hope that the chancellor sees that blue skies research can help deliver us from the doom and gloom.
Publicație : The Times
China: lure of homeland ‘no simple choice’ for expat academics
Personal and pragmatic factors often keep Chinese academics in the West
Academic freedom concerns may not deter a generation of expatriate Chinese academics from returning to the motherland, lured by lavishly funded recruitment schemes such as the Thousand Talents Plan.
But pragmatic matters such as pricey rents and smog-choked cities might help Western university systems retain Chinese-born doctoral graduates who are a mainstay of their staff.
China experts say that it is too early to tell whether the country’s massive recruitment drive – partly crafted to meet the employment needs of a burgeoning university system, with a reported $222 billion (£168 billion) plunged into higher education last year alone – will strip anglophone institutions of much-needed academics.
The schemes offer incentives such as generous start-up packages, salary top-ups and services to help recruits’ families find their feet. China’s rapidly improving universities attract a constant flow of world-class talent, nestled in what is becoming the epicentre of global economic activity – with relatively modest living costs to boot.
On the downside, China’s academic salaries are generally lower than those in the West. And an onerous publish-or-perish regime means that recruits who do not amass impressive publications can soon find themselves out of work – reflecting the notoriously competitive schooling system inflicted on their children.
Other disincentives include the need to uproot family, abandon friends and navigate a different language and lifestyle. However, such disadvantages can be offset by the principal attraction of schemes such as Thousand Talents – access to state-of-the-art research facilities and the unprecedented collaboration opportunities they generate.
Laurie Pearcey, pro vice-chancellor (international) at UNSW Sydney, said that some municipality-run programmes in China offered green cards and residency incentives that would have been “almost impossible” to find a few years ago. Nevertheless, such schemes were struggling to attract Chinese or foreign-born academics, researchers or innovators.
“One of the big challenges in China, especially in a city like Beijing, is pollution,” Mr Pearcey said. “Some people would ask second questions before rushing to accept what’s an otherwise lucrative package.”
Political scientist Greg McCarthy, who recently completed an appointment as chair of Australian studies at Peking University, said that Antipodean institutions were very dependent on Chinese academics. Since about 2005, they had appointed as many staff from China as from their traditional hunting ground of the UK.
Professor McCarthy said that between 50 per cent and 60 per cent of Chinese doctoral students in Australian universities stayed on as academics, principally in science, technology, engineering and mathematics and in business – disciplines where Australia relies on foreigners to sustain its research capacity. Somewhat similar patterns apply in the UK and the US, said Professor McCarthy, professor of Australian politics at the University of Western Australia.
But Professor McCarthy argued that Australia was at perhaps greater risk of losing native English-speaking humanities academics than Chinese-born STEM specialists. Rampant casualisation in Australian universities was forcing people to look elsewhere for secure posts – and China, with a growing suite of English-taught master’s programmes, was a logical choice.
“They follow that Harvard model of small classes,” he added. “You might have a class of 10 or 15. In China, student fees don’t drive the universities.”
However, crippling housing costs in Beijing and Shanghai are a major problem, he conceded. “It’s a bit like London or Oxford – you can teach there, but you can’t afford to live there.”
Futao Huang, a Chinese-born international education expert at Japan’s Hiroshima University, said that China’s dynamism and research opportunities tended to outweigh disadvantages such as big-city housing costs, air pollution, relatively low pay and academic freedom concerns.
He said that most recruits to China belonged to the “hard sciences”, in which academic freedom was not as central an issue as in the humanities. Conversely, patriotism and the desire to build a “more powerful China” could be strong lures for Chinese expatriates.
Professor Huang said that most Chinese-born academics recruited by their homeland were not required to quit their overseas affiliations, while many Westerners went to China only after retirement – often for fixed terms.
But he himself had not seriously considered returning. “I am too old to be accepted by many good universities, and there is the problem of pension. More importantly, my field is higher education, which is not so attractive for most Chinese universities or research institutes.”
Greg Goodall, head of gene regulation at Adelaide’s Centre for Cancer Biology, has twice been flown to China to investigate setting up joint laboratories, most recently after his election to the Australian Academy of Science. He said that such invitations were routinely extended to new academy members.
Although no deal was struck, Professor Goodall said that the idea had been “of potential interest to me because I have a Chinese-born postdoc. It would have made it easier, had I established a lab, for him to be part of it. He was interested in that possibility.”
Publicație : The Times
« Point n’est besoin d’être un crack en maths ou en biophysique pour être un bon médecin »
Pour Patrick Berche, ancien doyen de la faculté de médecine Paris-Descartes, avec la réforme des études de santé à venir, « on ne sort pas de la dictature des concours ».
Propos recueillis par François Béguin et Camille Stromboni Publié hier à 11h33, mis à jour hier à 11h33
Le professeur Patrick Berche, ancien doyen de la faculté de médecine Paris-Descartes et ancien directeur de l’Institut Pasteur de Lille, est l’auteur, en 2013, de l’ouvrage Le Savoir vagabond. Histoire de l’enseignement de la médecine (Editions Docis).
A quand remonte la dernière grande réforme des études de médecine ?
Il n’y en a eu que deux, tant les blocages sont nombreux dès lors qu’on touche à ce sujet sensible. D’abord, lors de la révolution de 1789. Les études, jusque-là payantes et réservées à une petite élite, sont devenues gratuites et largement ouvertes. Puis, en 1958, Michel Debré a fusionné les écoles de médecine avec l’université et imposé aux médecins, désormais hospitalo-universitaires, le plein-temps. De Gaulle était bien conscient de la difficulté : il a voulu que cette réforme ait lieu par ordonnance pendant la période des pleins pouvoirs, car jamais elle n’aurait pu passer à l’Assemblée, où les médecins réticents étaient nombreux.
Qu’est-ce que cette réforme de 1958 a changé dans la formation des étudiants ?
Elle a introduit les sciences dans la formation médicale, notamment la biologie cellulaire, la biochimie ou encore l’anatomopathologie. Elle a surtout grandement amélioré la formation clinique des étudiants, en instituant par la suite l’externat et l’internat pour tous. Avant 1958, ceux-ci se composaient de 30 % d’externes, qui allaient à l’hôpital tous les matins pendant les quatre dernières années de leur cursus, de 10 % d’internes très bien formés pour devenir des spécialistes.
Les autres étaient stagiaires, sans responsabilités, souvent livrés à eux-mêmes parfois sans assiduité. Quand certains d’entre eux posaient leur plaque de médecin, au bout de sept ans, ils ne savaient pas grand-chose. Aujourd’hui, les médecins sont beaucoup mieux formés, après un cursus de neuf à dix ans, dont plusieurs années de formation clinique à l’hôpital.
Soixante ans plus tard, le gouvernement s’apprête à présenter une nouvelle grande réforme en supprimant le numerus clausus et en modifiant les critères de sélection. Pourquoi la nécessité de revoir cette formation fait-elle désormais l’unanimité ?
On est arrivé au bout d’un système. Il est devenu impératif de trouver un nouveau souffle. Le projet du gouvernement relève plus d’un aménagement courageux que d’une réforme d’une ampleur comparable à celle de 1958, mais il va dans le bon sens. Il s’attaque à la Paces, cette première année d’entrée en médecine terrible et absurde. Ce concours, je l’ai organisé pendant quatorze ans, est de l’abattage. Parmi les 60 000 candidats qui se présentent, vous prenez les 8 000 forts en thème qui ont bachoté nuit et jour, pendant quelques mois, dans un climat d’extrême concurrence, sans aucune prise en compte des qualités humaines que doit avoir un médecin.
Publicație : Le Monde
Loi santé : vers la fin de la Paces et du numerus clausus
Le projet de loi est examiné dès mardi 12 mars devant la commission des affaires sociales à l’Assemblée nationale.
La révolution qui se prépare à l’entrée des études de santé est de taille. Suppression de la première année commune aux études de santé (Paces) d’un côté, suppression du numerus clausus de l’autre, le nombre de places fixé jusqu’ici par l’Etat pour rejoindre les études médicales, sur lequel buttent chaque année près de 80 % des 60 000 candidats… C’est pour mettre en œuvre, dès la rentrée 2020, cette promesse de campagne d’Emmanuel Macron d’en finir avec un système jugé « inefficace, injuste, et périmé » que le projet de loi « santé » a été bouclé en urgence. L’examen du texte, qui porte également sur l’organisation du système de santé, débute devant la commission des affaires sociales à l’Assemblée nationale, mardi 12 mars, avec déjà près de 1 500 amendements déposés.
Le volet consacré à la réforme de la formation, qui vise à diversifier les profils des futurs médecins, recueille un large consensus dans le monde universitaire et médical. Mais la mise en œuvre d’un système alternatif n’a rien d’évident. « Si nous sommes favorables à la fin du numerus clausus, nous ne connaissons pas les contours du système qui aura vocation à le remplacer, et beaucoup de questions se posent », s’est déjà inquiété le député communiste des Bouches-du-Rhône, Pierre Dharréville, lors de l’audition de la ministre de la santé, Agnès Buzyn, et de son homologue à l’enseignement supérieur, Frédérique Vidal, mardi 5 mars, à l’Assemblée nationale.
Une concertation est en cours avec les universitaires pour mettre en musique ces éléments qui interviendront en grande partie par décret.
- Former 20 % de médecins en plus
Premier défi pour les facultés : former plus de futurs médecins. Elles pourront désormais déterminer elles-mêmes leurs effectifs, en fonction des capacités des formations et des besoins de santé du territoire, « sur avis conforme de l’Agence régionale de santé », prévoit le texte de loi, au « regard d’objectifs nationaux établis par l’Etat ». La ministre de la santé, Agnès Buzyn, a déjà fixé la barre haut, en évoquant une progression attendue de 20 %, alors que plus de 8 000 étudiants accèdent aujourd’hui en deuxième année de médecine.
Sur le terrain, de Paris à Bordeaux en passant par Poitiers, on tempère déjà fortement l’ambition affichée de la ministre. Pas les capacités d’encadrement suffisantes, mais surtout, pas les terrains de stage pour les futurs étudiants, entend-on chez les doyens de médecine. Dès la troisième année, les études se déroulent pour partie à l’hôpital. « Que ce soit à l’hôpital ou en libéral, nous avons déjà de grandes difficultés pour trouver des stages, en tant qu’internes[entre la 7e et la 9e ou 11e année d’études] », souligne Antoine Reydellet, président de l’Intersyndicat national des internes, qui craint une « dégradation de la formation ».
- Un problème de répartition, pas de nombre
Du côté des doyens, l’opportunité même d’une telle augmentation ne fait pas l’unanimité, alors qu’elle est régulièrement brandie dans les discours politiques comme une solution aux déserts médicaux. La députée LRM du Loiret, Stéphanie Rist, corapporteuse du projet de loi, estime ainsi que le rétablissement d’une « offre » suffisante de professionnels de santé permettra de rééquilibrer les choses.
« Ce 20 % n’est absolument pas fondé », écarte Patrice Diot, doyen de la faculté de médecine de Tours et président de l’Observatoire national de la démographie des professions de santé, qui souligne le risque de se retrouver, dans dix ans, « dans la même situation que dans les années 1980, où l’on encourageait les préretraites des médecins, trop nombreux ». « Le problème en France, ce n’est pas le nombre, c’est la répartition sur le territoire », défend-il.
- Quels cursus pour faire médecine ?
Désormais, l’admission en médecine, odontologie, pharmacie et maïeutique sera subordonnée à la « validation d’un parcours de formation antérieur dans l’enseignement supérieur et à la réussite à des épreuves, qui sont déterminées par décret en Conseil d’Etat », prévoit la loi.
Dans les universités, on envisage actuellement plusieurs schémas. Au premier rang desquels celui d’une première année de « portail santé », qui devrait permettre de poursuivre ensuite ses études dans d’autres cursus. En parallèle seraient développées des mineures santé dans d’autres licences, en biologie, droit, économie, permettant, après deux ou trois années d’études, de tenter sa chance pour rejoindre les études médicales. Reste à définir les modalités de sélection, le gouvernement ayant déjà assuré qu’il devrait y avoir moins de QCM dans les épreuves et au moins un oral d’admission.
Mais les doyens de médecine plaident pour inscrire dans la loi ce « portail santé » pour maintenir une année d’études unique. Impossible de mettre en place deux années d’études en plus, comme le prévoit un cursus de licence, soutiennent-ils. Derrière cette question d’apparence technique, c’est aussi l’une des qualités peu avouables de la Paces qui apparaît au grand jour : celle d’être un système peu coûteux, avec des enseignements de masse délivrés à un grand nombre d’étudiants, notamment de manière dématérialisée.
Question de débouchés également : « Personne n’a jamais été capable de m’expliquer quels sont ces fameux métiers de la santé auxquels mèneraient des licences en santé », soutient Bruno Riou, à la tête de la faculté de médecine de Sorbonne université et de la conférence des doyens de santé d’Ile-de-France, région où quelque 5 000 étudiants pourraient être concernés, d’après lui.
« On voit bien le risque d’aboutir à une Paces-bis », souligne néanmoins Clara Bonnavion, présidente de l’Association nationale des étudiants en médecine de France, opposée au « portail ». Pour l’association, un garde-fou apparaît indispensable pour échapper à cet écueil : fixer des pourcentages obligatoires minimaux pour le nombre de places offertes par les différentes voies d’entrée. Le ratio de 60 % d’étudiants recrutés par le « portail », 40 % par les autres filières, actuellement évoqué dans les concertations, lui semble une bonne solution.
Reste à voir s’il y aura assez de candidats dans les cursus alternatifs au « portail », pour assurer une équité entre les diverses voies d’accès. « Nous travaillons actuellement sur les effectifs qui pourraient être absorbés dans les mineures santé, rapporte Jean Sibilia, président de la conférence des doyens de médecine. Mais si on veut réussir à personnaliser ainsi les parcours, en apportant des remises à niveau et des modules complémentaires, cela ne pourra se faire sans moyens. »
Réforme des études de santé : un calendrier serré
Les réformes du numerus clausus et de la Paces, promises à la rentrée 2020, ne sont pas les seules à l’ordre du jour. Le projet de loi santé, dont l’examen débute en commission au Parlement le 12 mars, prévoit également la fin des épreuves nationales classantes (ECN) qui interviennent en fin de 6e année (l’internat) et la refonte du second cycle des études médicales à l’horizon de la rentrée 2019. Soit un bouquet de réformes difficiles à tenir dans un calendrier si restreint, estiment les doyens des facultés de médecine, qui demandent de reculer d’un an l’application de ces deux nouvelles réformes. Le report d’un an de la suppression des ECN, inscrit dans un amendemement déposé en commission et soutenu par les rapporteurs du texte et par le groupe LRM, devrait être retenu par le gouvernement.
Publicație : Le Monde
Au Havre, une ambiance « plus familiale » pour réussir le concours de médecine
Pour diversifier les profils des futurs médecins, l’université de Rouen a ouvert une antenne havraise qui accueille 250 étudiants en première année commune des études de santé (Paces).
Pas un bruit dans les travées de l’amphithéâtre ensoleillé de l’université du Havre, hormis le crépitement des ordinateurs de la centaine d’étudiants présents ce mercredi 27 février. Pourtant sur l’estrade… personne. Juste un écran sur lequel défile un plan de cours, et une voix qui résonne, celle de leur professeure qui dispense son cours à Rouen, à une heure de là. « Madame Merle, moi, j’sais pas à quoi elle ressemble », lâche en riant un étudiant.
Pas question pour autant de se dissiper : les cours magistraux retransmis à distance en direct, c’est le quotidien des 250 étudiants inscrits dans l’antenne havraise de la Paces (première année commune des études de santé), délocalisée par l’université de Rouen depuis cinq ans. La grande ville de la pointe de Caux ne possédait pas jusque-là de filière menant à la médecine.
Alors que la réforme des études de santé, inscrite dans la loi santé dont l’examen débute en commission à l’Assemblée nationale le 12 mars, a pour objectif de diversifier les profils des futurs médecins, notamment en dispensant des cursus menant aux études médicales dans toutes les universités françaises, plusieurs d’entre elles ont déjà développé, ces dernières années, une dizaine d’antennes délocalisées dans des villes de taille plus réduite – l’université de Bordeaux à Pau, Dax (Landes), bientôt Agen, l’université de Poitiers à Angoulême, celle de Créteil à Torcy (Seine-et-Marne) et Sénart (Seine-et-Marne)… L’enjeu ? Lever les freins d’accès à ces études particulièrement sélectives – un quart des quelque 60 000 étudiants inscrits dans cette première année couperet passent le cap du concours pour rejoindre les cursus de médecine, d’odontologie, de pharmacie, de maïeutique ou encore de kiné.
Publicație : Le Monde
Les métiers de la finance et du conseil, un univers impitoyable pour les femmes
Dans ces secteurs, grimper dans la hiérarchie s’apparente pour les femmes à un parcours du combattant. Ecoles de commerce et entreprises se penchent sur le sujet.
Par Léonor Lumineau Publié hier à 17h39, mis à jour hier à 18h23
« Je connais trois femmes qui ont quitté le métier rien que depuis le début de l’année, et aucun homme. Et je ne crois pas que ce soit un hasard », relève Marie (les prénoms des femmes ont été changés à leur demande), 30 ans, salariée d’un fonds de capital-risque à Paris, lorsqu’on l’interroge sur le fait d’être une femme dans son secteur. Une chose est sûre : dans les métiers de la finance et du conseil, les effectifs sont aujourd’hui relativement mixtes au niveau junior, mais les femmes disparaissent à mesure que l’on monte dans la hiérarchie.
Comment expliquer ce phénomène ? Certes, évoluer dans ces secteurs très concurrentiels est difficile pour tous. Mais réussir en tant que femme demande un travail d’adaptation supplémentaire et coûteux, estime la sociologue Isabel Boni-Le Goff, enseignante-chercheuse à l’université de Lausanne, qui a étudié le secteur du conseil.
Dans ce métier où le relationnel tient une part importante, notamment avec le client, le « bon expert » est à la fois compétent et capable de construire une relation intime. « Face à cette double injonction, les consultantes doivent faire un effort spécifique pour que le cadre de l’interaction soit le plus maîtrisé possible, pour neutraliser le genre. Cela passe par l’apparence physique, vestimentaire, la manière dont elles parlent et se tiennent… Au bout de cinq ans de carrière, une succession de petites épreuves quotidiennes qui s’accumulent, un poison sur la durée », assure-t-elle.
L’avantage informel des hommes
Dans la finance, être un homme est également, a priori, un bon point pour être reconnu légitime. « Les compétences qui comptent sont celles dites masculines, genrées, valorisées par les hommes et un milieu bourgeois : la capacité à manier les chiffres, le calcul, la rapidité d’exécution, la compétitivité, l’agressivité, l’ego, une grande confiance en soi. Je ne veux pas dire que seuls les hommes ont ces traits, mais ils sont socialement construits comme masculins, donc on va considérer que les femmes y sont moins bonnes », détaille Valérie Boussard, professeure de sociologie à l’université Paris-Nanterre et auteure de recherches sur les rouages de cette filière.
Un autre type d’épreuves est d’ordre organisationnel. Les professionnels de ces milieux doivent souvent être très disponibles, tard, et être mobiles géographiquement. Ces petits freins pour les femmes sont réels au moment de la maternité. « Mais aussi imaginés, car les femmes sont a priori pensées comme moins disponibles, même quand elles le sont », précise Valérie Broussard.
Publicație : Le Monde
Università, il Consiglio di Stato: "Commissioni sfiduciate, il ministero assegni la cattedra alla prof bocciata"
Sentenza contro gli atenei: "Per tre volte hanno negato ingiustamente la promozione a ordinario in Diritto del lavoro, ora intervenga direttamente il Miur"
ROMA - Le commissioni universitarie, a parer nostro, non sono più degne di fiducia, scrive il Consiglio di Stato nell'ultima sentenza in tema di concorsi non credibili. E si rivolge direttamente al ministero dell'Istruzione (e dell'Università) intimando: dovete essere voi a riconoscere la cattedra di Diritto del lavoro alla docente Carmela La Macchia. La candidata era stata bocciata tre volte da tre commissioni diverse nominate per gestire l'Abilitazione scientifica nazionale nella sua disciplina: le aveva preferito, nel ruolo di professore di prima fascia, un altro candidato. Per due volte i giudici del Tar del Lazio avevano chiesto di rivedere i giudizi sulla docente, ogni volta in verità diversi. Invano. E così il Consiglio di Stato, dove è finito il primo ricorso, alla fine ha scritto al Miur: siete obbligati a dare l'idoneità all'appellante. E a pagare 6.500 euro di spese legali.
Con la sentenza 1321 dello scorso 25 febbraio il consigliere relatore Simeoli ha spinto in avanti il conflitto tra giudici e atenei in materia di concorsi, rapporto storicamente difficile. Protagonista, e appellante, in questo caso è stata Carmela La Macchia, dal 2001 professoressa associata che, nel 2012, si è iscritta alla procedura di Abilitazione scientifica nazionale per diventare "ordinario". Al primo tentativo riceve, però, un giudizio di "non idoneità". "Buono", è la sintesi sull'insieme dei titoli portati. Non è sufficiente per salire di grado.
Il giudizio precipita da "buono" a "limitato"
La professoressa La Macchia ricorre al Tar del Lazio, ritenendo le conclusioni immotivate, e nel 2014 ottiene di essere riesaminata da una nuova commissione (nominata sempre dal Miur). Trascorrono due anni e il risultato accademico non cambia: abilitazione all'insegnamento di prima fascia negata. Il giudizio da "buono" è diventato "accettabile". Secondo ricordo al Tribunale amministrativo e secondo accoglimento. Tra le ragioni della vittoria nel primo giudizio, c'era anche la negazione dell'esistenza di una monografia in verità presente tra i titoli consegnati. La terza commissione nel gennaio 2018 rivaluta e riboccia: "Limitato", è il giudizio questa volta. Terzo ricorso, ma il Tar del Lazio ora sostiene che la prima sentenza "non è stata elusa": la commissione ha seguito le indicazioni dei giudici. La "prof" non capisce, si appella al Consiglio di Stato e ottiene una sentenza di peso. Per sé e per il futuro dell'Abilitazione nazionale.
Capovolgendo l'ultimo Tar, i giudici di appello amministrativo hanno individuato un eccesso di potere "nella marcata e immotivata divaricazione tra la valutazione oggetto del presente giudizio e quelle rese dalle due precedenti commissioni". Scrivono i giudici, severi: "Non è dato comprendere come la medesima comunità scientifica - sia pure a mezzo di studiosi differenti - abbia potuto valutare, applicando gli stessi parametri di giudizio, in modo così divaricato le pubblicazioni dell'appellante formulando: le prime due volte i giudizi "buono" e "accettabile"; la terza volta una valutazione di segno assolutamente negativo. Il sovvertimento della portata dei giudizi precedenti, senza alcuna trasparente constatazione della erroneità del giudizio precedente, appare sintomatico di un andamento contraddittorio della pubblica amministrazione".
"Cittadini traditi e troppi soldi spesi"
Il Consiglio di Stato si chiede: ma come è possibile che, dopo l'accertamento della illegittimità delle bocciature, l'amministrazione possa continuare a negare al ricorrente "il bene della vita" a cui il ricorrente aspira? Non si può proseguire in questa "defatigante alternanza tra procedimento e processo, senza che sia possibile addivenire a una definizione positiva del conflitto, con grave dispendio di risorse pubbliche e private". I consiglieri, allora, si rivolgono direttamente al Miur: dovete essere voi a riconoscere l'abilitazione alla professoressa La Macchia. Spiegano: "I giudici hanno il potere di riformare in qualsiasi punto, in fatto come in diritto, la decisione impugnata resa dall'autorità amministrativa. E ciò accade proprio nell'ipotesi in discussione". Si è rotta la fiducia "tra amministrazione e cittadino". L'agire delle commissioni, è il giudizio del collegio di Piazza Spada, è stato "reiteratamente capzioso, equivoco, contraddittorio, lesivo del canone della buona amministrazione e della correttezza dei pubblici poteri". Dice anche "pervicace", il collegio, indicando una tigna da parte del sistema università nel non voler applicare le sentenze. La "discrezionalità tecnica" rimessa agli atenei si è "svuotata", il Miur dovrà rilasciare - ed è la prima volta su decisione dei giudici e non di una commissione universitaria - l'Abilitazione scientifica nazionale.
L'Associazione Trasparenza e merito parla di "sentenza storica". Il professor Saverio F. Regasto, ordinario di Diritto pubblico comparato all'Università di Brescia, a sua volta in contenzioso per vicende concorsuali, scrive: "La sentenza della sesta sezione rappresenta una vera e propria rivoluzione, non solo nell'ambito delle abilitazioni per i docenti universitari, ma, più in generale, nell'ambito delle procedure di reclutamento del personale dipendente della pubblica amministrazione e dei poteri riconosciuti alle commissioni di concorso. Di fronte a errori di fatto e di interpretazione un giudice può sostituirsi in toto alla commissione giudicatrice e ordinare al ministero di attribuire alla ricorrente l'abilitazione negata".
Publicație : La Repubblica
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